1. Verbs correspond to their subjects in number and gender. This becomes clear in sentences 1 and 2. Note that the plural noun مقالات is modified by THE FEMININE SINGULAR ADJECTIVE كثيرة. This is because ALL PLURAL NOUNS THAT DO NOT REFER TO HUMANS ARE CONSIDERED GRAMMATICALLY FEMININE SINGULAR IN MODERN STANDARD ARABIC. This rule is difficult for Americans to accept. In fact, sometimes native Arabic speakers who come to this country at a young age have difficulty with this rule when learning to read and write Arabic. But this rule can be internalized with practice. All the rules of the agreement that we have had so far appear in the following sentences. First, look at each sentence, and then ask yourself why the verb is conjugated as it is, and why adjectives appear the way they do.
Then look at my discussion after the sentences. 2. Adjectives correspond to nouns in terms of certainty, gender, number, and case. This becomes clear in every sentence. In sentence 1, we see that the plural of جريدة is modified by the singular feminine demonstrative هذه. The demonstrative هذه is used with any non-human plural (regardless of the gender of the singular of that noun). Thus, هذه الكتب means “these books”. This rule does not only apply to adjectives. Anything that must correspond in any way to a non-human plural will always be a feminine singular. Thus, pronouns, demonstratives and verbs are placed in the feminine singular whenever they must correspond to a non-human plural.
Here are some examples: So now you should have the idea that any non-human noun, if it is plural, will have a singular feminine correspondence at all times. Make sure this applies to all non-human plural nouns, regardless of the gender of the singular noun. So if we were to replace مقالات in the above sentences with the word كتب, which is the plural of the male كتاب, there would be no change to any of the sentences. Whether you realize it or not, you already know most of the rules of the agreement in Arabic. There`s really only one thing you need to learn. First, I`ll go over the rules you had. Next, I`ll discuss the one thing you don`t know yet (now that you probably had Arabic before you heard about it, but I bet you do it wrong all the time). ٢.
هل قرأت هذه المقالات؟ نعم, قرأتُها. هي ممتازة. You need to learn this rule and work to get used to it. If you read or listen to MSA, this rule will be very useful for your understanding of what you are reading or listening to. We see that in the answer to the question in sentence 2, the person says, “Yes, I have read it.” He uses the direct object pronoun ها, which is feminine singular, to refer to “articles”. (Direct object pronouns are discussed below.) Secondly, the speaker said that the articles were excellent. It uses the feminine singular pronoun هي, to refer to it, and uses a feminine singular adjective in the predicate that refers to هي, but is used to denote مقالات, as in: هذه المقالات ممتازة NEXT POST » The dual of nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs Suppose you think about the esoteric meanings of these sentences, I will give you a brief overview of the rules they reflect. Sign up or sign up (free and only takes a few minutes) to participate in this question. You`ll also have access to many other tools and opportunities for those who have (or are passionate) language-related jobs.
Participation is free and the site has a strict privacy policy. So, if the Arabic words match for number and gender, you need to consider the rules regarding non-human plurals. In the sentence that appears in the middle of the page, there is a tanwin, although “the newspapers” is definitive – الجريدةٍ. I can`t figure out why? In sentence 3, the verb صدر is used. It is an intransitive verb that means “to be published.” المقالات is the subject of the sentence, so the verb must be feminine singular. Note that even if المقالات was written before the verb, the verb would still be in the feminine singular. I hope you understand why nouns and adjectives are in the cases where they are and why these cases are written as they are. If not, read the appropriate sections of the previous chapters before doing anything else. في هذه الجريدةِ and not جريدةٍ. There really shouldn`t be a Tanwin.
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